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- Wrapped DNA
TAL effectors are proteins that bacterial pathogens inject into plant cells that bind to host DNA to activate expression of plant genes. The DNA-binding domain of TAL proteins is composed … [Read more]
- Spring Bloom
The spring bloom of plankton in northern seas develops apparently in response to increasing light and to winter weather, which make nutrients available at the surface. This seasonality is important ? [Read more]
- Earthquakes from Above
Preparing for risks and hazards associated with large earthquakes requires detailed understanding of their mechanical properties. In addition to pinpointing the location and magnitude of earthquakes, postmortem analyses of the ? [Read more]
- Edging In on MoS2
Molybdenum disulfide is a widely used catalyst in the petrochemical industry that has recently shown promise for water-splitting applications. Its activity appears to be confined to edge sites with exposed … [Read more]
- Challenging the Mushroom Bodies
Early memory is labile and is gradually consolidated over time into long-lasting, stable memory. In several species, including mammals, memory consolidation depends on protein synthesis. In Drosophila, long-term memory is ? [Read more]
- Maintaining Equilibrium
Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCX) are membrane transporters that maintain the homeostasis of cytosolic Ca2+ and play an essential role in Ca2+ signaling. Despite a long history of physiological work and a ? [Read more]
- Too Much Tolerance?
In the immune system, loss of tolerance to self can have devastating consequences, such as the development of autoimmune diseases. In some cases, however, we may wish to be able ? [Read more]
- Be My Guests
For a range of applications, including medical diagnostics or drug delivery, it is necessary to encapsulate one or more components into a microcapsule. While there are many methods that can ? [Read more]
- Ties That Bind
Almost by definition, effective catalysts bind their substrates for a very short time?releasing them quickly after helping them react and then moving on to bind new, as yet unreacted, substrates. ? [Read more]
- Close-Up of DNA Methylation
In eukaryotes, maintenance of genomic CpG methylation patterns is required for imprinting, retrotransposon silencing, and X-chromosome inactivation. The epigenetic mark needs to be faithfully maintained and propagated during repeated cell ? [Read more]
- Before Tohoku-Oki
Recordings by Japan's dense seismic network in the days and weeks before the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake provide an opportunity to interrogate what caused the dynamic rupture of one ? [Read more]
- Keeping a Kinase in Check
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)–dependent protein kinase (PKA) is involved in the regulation of several key metabolic pathways. It exists in mammalian cells as an inactive tetramer composed of a regulatory ? [Read more]
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